in addition to previous post.

Is the wave AGAIN reflected back at the end of L4? and is this what it brings back in phase?

With resonance, the current and voltages are out of phase, and theory says the wave is reflected back at the end of the coil.
But now we have a close coupled extra coil, series connected to the end, which brings the wave back again.
So now from being out of phase, it reflects back in phase again?

If so, I should retune it, to get the reflected wave of L4, back in phase with the L3 coil, so they add up to very high voltages, at the series connection of the L3 L4 coils

in addition to previous 2 posts.

L4 is like a center grounded bifilar coil. the ends vibrate out of phase.
As one end is connected to the L3, their vibrations add up.

But then, as L3 is connected to one end of L4, should the other end of L4 should have a series capacitor (to ground) to balance the vibration? This would be the ball used by Tesla at the top, being equal in capacity as the secondary?

until now I always used a Diode to protect my power supply from the high voltage positive impulses that pass from the L1 coil through the body diodes of the MOSFET's.

But I dont need diode D1, when I use lead acid battery's in combination with a parallel capacitor, that is fast enough to capture the impulses.

I wonder if this would have and influence on the ripples.

used 2x lead acid 7AH batteries in series to get 25V dc
didnt use the diode at V+, but still used the 4uF 100V Wima cap parallel to the battery, for fast current delivery, and positive impulse gathering.
And yes, that works.

But still, I get ripples.
yellow voltage of L2 green current of L2.
L3 L4 removed from the system.

L1 L2 close coupled.

I was gifted some bifilar PCB pancake coils a while ago in 2019. from Glenn M. Lewis.
The corners where all filled through holes, so I had to cut them away, which worked decently.
so the metal would not mess with the resonance.

It has a diameter of 40cm. top and bottom layers each have their own coil, which are perfectly lined up.
specs I measured at 100kc/s:
1mH inductance
11,5nF capacitance
one winding (x) was 15.3 ohm the other winding was 17.6 ohm, series connected I measured 33 Ohm
All these values are high. To bad that the resistance is so high, but... I decided to test it.

I tuned into max resonance at 33kc/s by series adding 2nF
Note how the max amplitude is reached, when the impulse is at the voltage minimum, where negative current is maximum.

input power was only 0.23*2*15.8=7.3W
the coil gave 800V peak to Peak.

I was thinking to reduce the resistance, I could parallel stack and connect them. This would increase the capacity at the same time. And decrease the inductance.

from this book:
https://magstar.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Nikola-Tesla-On-His-Work-With-Alternating-Currents-and-Their-Application-to-Wireless-Telgraphy-Telephony-and-Transmission-of-Power-Leland-I.-Anderson.pdf

Tesla explains, he want to capture the effect of his impulses in his resonant coils. and states that need to be low capacity. Or else the EM radiation leaks the energy away, which is not recoverable.
Instead, he uses Earth current. which are fully recoverable.
The other loss is R (resisitance), which also must be kept low.

The bifilar coils dielectric field is stored between its 2 windings, which prevent the dielectric field energy to leak away.
 The formula probably is based on non metric standards. for example Tesla measured inductance and capacitance in cm, in his colorado springs notes. So a conversion would need to be made.

Returned to the 4 coil setup, as before. 15mm distance loose coupling between L2 primary and L3 secondary.
L1 and L2 close coupled, L3 and L4 close coupled
L2= 41nF in series
L3=5nF in parallel
L4 series connected to L3, L4 open ended.
power input: 1.06A x2 x 9.1V dc
frewuency=98.4kc/s

green shows L2 current. Look at that amplification, and... the current sine is an octave higher than L2 voltage (yellow).
orange show L3 voltage, which is at the same frequency as the L2 current (twice the frequency of the L2 voltage).

weird!!

could this be from the current probe being to near the L3/L4 coils?

I came across a video about parametric excitement.

It said the variable should be twice the resonant frequency.

So in my case that would mean, L2 primary with impulse, should be twice the frequency of L3 secondary.
then the L3 should rise in amplitude.

meaning L2 small capacitor high frequency
and L3 big capacitor half the frequency of L2 (octave below).

Let's see what that does.

and I need to do another thing. that is measure L4 current and voltage away from the coils. just connect a wire away from L4 and measure away from the coils.
those high voltages can influence the current probe

https://youtu.be/2xyFvcPvLfw

dang ur posts been getting even more interesting lately! After seeing yours about a week ago, I also got some cool/surprising/unintuitive results when I tried tuning L2 caps way low & L3 caps way high; just so much probe-swapping & 'measurement suites' to take lol now with all the exciting new L4 acrobatics. I want an 8-channel oscilloscope hehe. anyway, props

the double frequency of parametric oscillation combined with gravity, gives to of the same polarity excitations, per resonant cycle.
But that is because gravity always works the same direction, so the swing goes up and up sideways going back and forth.

So parametric excitation of the electric resonance, needs the half bridge circuit with positive and negative impulses. And yes, then you have 2 impulses per cycle, one positive one negative.
for the positive and negative currents.

OK back to the 4 coil setup. tuned in LMD resonance, 41nF for L2 and L3 also 41nF
Now, I added a current probe, so I can look at voltage and curretn of L2 (yellow green)
and the voltage and current of L3 (orange and purple)

with this 1700V impulse at 112.4kc/s
both the L2 (green )and L3 current (purple) are amplified.
note that impulse is again at the zero volt minimum of L2 (No DC offset used)
Nice bumps.
power in was 0.37Ax2x 20.3V=15W

Quote from evostars on December 7th, 2021, 03:24 AM

the double frequency of parametric oscillation combined with gravity, gives to of the same polarity excitations, per resonant cycle.
But that is because gravity always works the same direction, so the swing goes up and up sideways going back and forth.

So parametric excitation of the electric resonance, needs the half bridge circuit with positive and negative impulses. And yes, then you have 2 impulses per cycle, one positive one negative.
for the positive and negative currents.

Hi evostars.
I built an oscillator a few years ago along the same lines as you. I was using a waveform that looked like a AM radio signal, I had a 2khz signal piggy backed onto a 60 hz signal. You then get two DC offsets, you get a 2Khz offset and a 60hz offset. I found that if you tuned a coil to run at 2khz and a coil to run at 60hz and had a diode on the 2khz coil, the 60hz coil becomes a dedicated negative coil if wired in series.

I tuned the setup down to 105,6 kc/s witch should be the 5th sub harmonic of L3 by itself.
L2=46nF
L3=43nF

Tuning was to the edge of no ripple.
Looks like less curretn amplification.
if the impulse is moving the electricgen,
and the electrigen is moving the aether (current)
then I would say, the current is to high for the electricgen to move it quick enough.
So I need a higher frequency/ less current.
But then my frequency gets to high for proper impulses, so, I will decrease L3 a bit more, while L2 is made bigger.
or... play with it until it works again.

The impulse does appear to be faster, without the ripple. 200nS. when the ripple disappears(by tuning higher) you can see the impulse jump up getting more negative voltage. with the right setting of L3, the impulse should maybe become even quicker.
retuned to F=106.3 kc/s
power: 0.58*2*32.2=37.4W (a lot more)
impulse also isn't at the zero volt point of L2 anymore

0.52A*2*32.2V=33.5W input
F=129.2kc/s
L2+L3=30nF
When I make L2 L3 the same size, I have no ripples, when they are different is size (caps) then ripples occur
impulse still 200nS, current amplification appears to be less.

Will try 1nS steps down, and retune each time, to see if there is a spot of extra curretn amplification

I placed the large 134nF 4000Vdc capacitor in series with L2 again. (no dc offset used)
And used only 11nF in parallel with L3.
L3 was an octave higher then L2, but still looked LMD (out of phase at impulse)
impulse is -3,4kV
F=66.3 kc/s (mosfets are driven at this freq, but l3 wave is double this freq)
yellow=L2 voltage
green= L2 current (average 1.4A pp)
orange=L3 voltage (1.23kV  pp)
purple= L3 current (11A pp)

input power=1.3A x2 x19.9V dc=51.74W (high)
Again L2 current is an octave higher. L2 voltage also seems to be octave higher, but isn't clear.
L3 current is huge for this small capacity(11nF)
Impulse is tuned to +Vmax of L2

Note! no ripples!

I used same setup as previous post, and tuned to the higher octave, and indeed L2 and L3 now have a single cycle per impulse at 143.8 kc/s
input power=1.23A x2 x32.2V=79.2W
impulse now is -2300V
L3 current is 15.8A pp
L3 voltage is 1.76kV pp

insane high currents in L3, with a parallel capacitor of only 11nF and at a frequency of 143.8 kc/s
Both current AND voltage are magnified.
And NO Ripple

I didnt measure L4 (which is still series connected to L3) but it again should provide even higher voltages, and lower (but still high) currents, both in phase.

Now as this setup has no ripples, lets... see what happens, when I use a capacitor in series with L4 to ground. I could make it stable and see if the L3 L4 series connection rises. or... I could try tuning it, making the cap to ground series resonant with L4 (which is highly unlikely, but... it was already unlikely to get the current and voltage in phase.

first a measurement of the L4
voltage (orange) =3.8kV pp
and
current (purple) = 11A pp

both again are in phase. F=143.8kc/s whereby current probe phase shift is -15 degrees

in indigo, the power calculation in watts (not rms!) 9kW... (while input is 79W)

The 11nF parallel to L3 should not have amplified the current that high.

I expected the current to have a linear jump, as I saw before. but that was only visible due to improperly tuning.

Now its tuned good, and we have a perfect current sine wave again. but definitely amplified.

Also! L2 current dip right after impulse again vanished at high voltage impulses. the first time I saw this was right before I blew my capacitor. I wondered if the current disappeared due to the capacitor heating up. but no! here it is again. (I should show this on video)

So this concludes this part of the search.
Ripples are gone, current is amplified within a perfect sine as predicted.

Now I will continue my work again on the radiant half bridge thread
https://open-source-energy.org/?topic=3576.0

the halfbridge idea didn't work, so I'll continue working here.
focussimg on the L4.
making it equal mass, and trying to connect it to ground by series capacitor

Quote from evostars on December 6th, 2021, 01:13 PM

I came across a video about parametric excitement.

https://youtu.be/2xyFvcPvLfw

Insane accidental discovery with Neodymium magnets

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KJHlwJ1gsms

I never tested the max voltage with the series 1700V SiC mosfets,
so I pushed the power up with this 400nS impulse to -3500V higher than that wont work, as the body diodes then go into avalanche mode.

That's the same voltage limit as with the 1200V SiC mosfets, so its not worth using the expensive 1700V SiC mosfets

my L3 is 1,5mm2 and 10 meters
1,5mm2 10cm=2.62gram, so 10m= 262 gram of copper.

My L4 is 0.75mm2, and I want it to be equal mass.

10cm of 0.75mm2 = 1.285gr
so L4 needs to be cm... 20,389 m of 0.75mm2

I kept the inner diameter equal to the L2 L3 coils.
making the outer diameter 26cm which means that it won't fit in the vacuum chamber, so I'll have to cast the epoxy to the surface of L3.

it has 935uH and a Q of 103 (measured at 100kc/s)

Quote from evostars on December 12th, 2021, 03:56 AM

I kept the inner diameter equal to the L2 L3 coils.
making the outer diameter 26cm which means that it won't fit in the vacuum chamber, so I'll have to cast the epoxy to the surface of L3.

it has 935uH and a Q of 103 (measured at 100kc/s)

Looking good! May I ask what the purpose of the epoxy casing is? Is it to protect against corona discharge, or does it only serve to provide rigidity to the coil?

Quote from lfarrand on December 12th, 2021, 12:18 PM

Looking good! May I ask what the purpose of the epoxy casing is? Is it to protect against corona discharge, or does it only serve to provide rigidity to the coil?

the epoxy acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. L2 and L3 are the plates of a capacitor.
epoxy is much better then air.

the L2 impulse, discharges the capacitor, which produces a current in L3.

at the same time, L3 is a coil that is resonant, and this discharge current, amplifies the L3 resonant current.