The magnetic dipole based petal soliton can transform into a monopole based petal soliton or half soliton.
Tracks of this monipole have been seen in the ash produced by the LION reactor meltdown.
https://phys.org/news/2017-01-physicists-spontaneous-symmetry-optical-microcavity.htmlPhysicists have observed spontaneous symmetry breaking in a petal soliton that generates its own optical microcavity. Experimentors have demonstrated experimentally the emergence of spontaneous symmetry breaking in this ultrahigh-Q whispering-gallery microresonator. The Optical whispering gallery (WGW) microcavity is the structural topological form that the Surface Plasmon Polariton assumes in LENR. . These whispering gallery modes are analogous to the acoustic resonances in the whispering gallery in St. Paul Cathedral in London.
A critical clue to the role of symmetry breaking in LENR is the observation that the application of an electrostatic field catalyzes spontaneous symmetry breaking in the WGW via the Kerr effect.
The result of the application of a KERR stimulus is a monopole where just a single rotating polariton current remains. This current is an amplified sum of the initial double counter rotating polariton currents. The chiral handedness of the two counter rotating polariton currents also merge into a single much more amplified polariton current.
In more detail, it looks like the index of refraction of the vacuum changes under the influence of EMF.
This idea is the basis for the activation signal in the LENR reaction. The nature of the vacuum that the polaritons reside in is changed by B and/or E fields to induce a change of state in the circulation patterns of the polariton in the cavity. This is the KERR effect. This reorganization of polariton flow is what focuses the spin components of the polaritons into a monopole magnetic flux tube beam.
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1211.1933Magnetic and electric properties of quantum vacuum
6. Non trivial vacua
Examples of what is called non trivial vacua can be found in literature. This essentially
means that light propagates in a vacuum in which a distribution of real or virtual
photons exists. In this case one can calculate an average value for the E2 and B2 and
one can use this value to calculate the corresponding effects due in particular to four
wave mixing in vacuum. For example the velocity of light propagating perpendicular
to two parallel infinite conducting plates and in the region between them has been first
calculated by Scharnhorst [212]. The variation of the velocity of light is due to virtual
photons energy density which is also responsible of the well known Casimir effect
Applying the aforementioned discussion to LENR engineering, the application of an electrostatic field has been listed as a trigger of the LENR reaction in Rossi's patent. When this electrostatic field is applied, the WGW produces symmetry breaking which induces a energy transfer between a proton and a simultaneous decay in that proton via a symmetry breaking based entangled interface. This causes the counter rotating spin currents to merge into a single current, thereby forming a monopole.
The rabbit tracks seen in the MFMP videos are formed by this monopole based soliton.
These condensates behave like black holes
Regarding: "energy holes"
There is a structure that has been discovered by Ken Shoulders called a Black EVO. This structure is a cavity that contains photons that cannot escape to the far field. Another name used for this structure is a analog black hole. This structure is also found in nanoplasmonics and is called a dark soliton. These two structures can well be the same thing: a petal condensate.
What makes this structures special is the application of the KERR effect to change the nature of the vacuum in which these photons circulate. The KERR effect produces a change of state when the speed of light is changed in which the symmetry of the laws of nature are broken and in which time runs backward. The speed of light can slow below nominal or increase above nominal.
See
https://www.nature.com/articles/lsa2017119Superluminal X-waves in a polariton quantum fluid
Abstract
In this work, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time the spontaneous generation of two-dimensional exciton-polariton X-waves. X-waves belong to the family of localized packets that can sustain their shape without spreading, even in the linear regime. This allows the wavepacket to maintain its shape and size for very low densities and very long times compared to soliton waves, which always necessitate a nonlinearity to compensate the diffusion. Here, we exploit the polariton nonlinearity and uniquely structured dispersion, comprising both positive- and negative-mass curvatures, to trigger an asymmetric four-wave mixing in momentum space. This ultimately enables the self-formation of a spatial X-wave front. Using ultrafast imaging experiments, we observe the early reshaping of the initial Gaussian packet into the X-pulse and its propagation, even for vanishingly small densities. This allows us to outline the crucial effects and parameters that drive the phenomena and to tune the degree of superluminal propagation, which we found to be in close agreement with numerical simulations.
There are claims that LENR extracts energy from the vacuum. The question naturally arises about how can such an improbable thing possibly happen.
A experiment done using a optical cavity shows how the vacuum can tap into the vacuum fluctuations that occur in empty space to produce real effects.
http://www.pnas.org/content/110/11/4234.full.pdfDynamical Casimir effect in a Josephson metamaterial
This experiment shows how an optical cavity can be tuned electrically using the KERR effect in such a way to convert virtual photons into real photons through the adjustment of the index of refraction of the vacuum in the cavity to produce a resonance based casimir effect.
The KERR effect is a mechanism to adjust the speed of light in the vacuum so that the cavity can be modified into a resonance condition in such a way as to use the casimir effect to extract real photons from the vacuum.
This KERR effect adjustment mechanism might be operable in LENR as well as the EMDRIVE.
The zero-point energy stored in the modes of an electromagnetic
cavity has experimentally detectable effects, giving rise to an
attractive interaction between the opposite walls, the static Casimir
effect. A dynamical version of this effect was predicted to occur
when the vacuum energy is changed either by moving the walls
of the cavity or by changing the index of refraction, resulting in
the conversion of vacuum fluctuations into real photons. Here, we
demonstrate the dynamical Casimir effect using a Josephson metamaterial
embedded in a microwave cavity at 5.4 GHz. We modulate
the effective length of the cavity by flux-biasing the metamaterial
based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs),
which results in variation of a few percentage points in the speed
of light. We extract the full 4 × 4 covariancematrix of the emitted
microwave radiation, demonstrating that photons at frequencies
symmetrical with respect to half of the modulation frequency are
generated in pairs. At large detunings of the cavity from half of the
modulation frequency, we find power spectra that clearly show
the theoretically predicted hallmark of the Casimir effect: a bimodal,
“sparrow-tail” structure. The observed substantial photon
flux cannot be assigned to parametric amplification of thermal
fluctuations; its creation is a direct consequence of the noncommutativity
structure of quantum field theory.
If the Petal condensate acts like a analog black hole and the heat that LENR produces is derived from Hawking radiation, then the Hawking derived photons that exit the petal to the far field will also generate associated anti photons that will also fall into the the petal. Since the photons and its anti photon partner are the same type particle, an identical copy of the photons that radiate out from the petal will also fall into the petal condensate.
This implies that the heat that leaves the petal as Hawking radiation will also be duplicated and stored in the petal. In simple terms, the petal will progressively grow in size and power over time proportional to the heat that it releases. Fortunately, the petal has a limited lifetime that averages in picoseconds. So the petal cannot grow without limit.
The source and flow of energy through the petals and their global condensates is yet to be determined. But the transmutation that the petal produces might not be a source of energy gain for the petal. The petal might just move along, sucking energy out of the vacuum, and transforming matter as it moves along, just like a storm driven tornado distroys the countryside as it moves along its way.
