research information sharing

codwell

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #300, on April 11th, 2016, 12:39 AM »
I think the problem with passing water mist to the tungsten filament is that the created oxygen at that temperature would destroy it in seconds. I mentioned the MAHG in another topic, tested/improved by J. L. Naudin and a russian guy, Frolov. It used pure hydrogen and a high temperature tungsten filament in a closed chamber, which was cooled by circulating water from the outside. It used the H recombination theory, which would release excess heat. The measurements showed over unity, however later it proved wrong by others. I think we will have never know the truth.

Another version, the atomic hydrogen furnace concept made by William Lyne is also using hydrogen, but I've never seen that councept turned to reality, or even experiments in this topic. Also I'm in a yahoo group (LAHF - Lyne atomic hydrogen furace), no update there either about the device from Lyne himself.

The atomic hydrogen welding was replaced in the industry several decades ago by other techniques which use noble gases. Maybe it was on purpose to vanish the AH welding, maybe just technical improvement. If someone could take their hands on such a welder could do a calorific measurement and test the original concept which says that more energy would come out that put in during atomic hydrogen welding (during hydrogen recombination after H atoms left the arc), said by the paper and Langmuir.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #301, on April 12th, 2016, 06:08 AM »
it is an interesting read that link, certainly does rule out using tungsten filament in air for hho.
The overunity results of langmuir also interesting.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #302, on April 15th, 2016, 04:37 AM »Last edited on April 15th, 2016, 04:42 AM
just looking at electro1622 youtube vid from a couple of years ago:


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MMDoA-J16fw

it shows steam at 4bar ( approx 60psi , approx half the pressure in stans injector) going through electros' injector, if the steam is passing through 0.01" ( 0.254mm or approx 1/4mm) channels inside the injector, then my theory about the water droplets ( and gases) being condensed back into bulk liquid before entering the voltage zone ( via the 0.01" quenching disc chanels), will not be corrrect. I've pm'd electro to confirm with him is that steam is crossing 0.01" chanels in his injector).
If the water droplets remain as droplets in the voltage zone, I cant see stans injector being able to be made to work in a short time frame. If the droplets are condensed back into bulk water it will work basically same principle as stans tube style wfc.
Stan has suggested the injector works on same principle as the tube style wfc, that would mean bulk water between electrodes. Droplets between electrodes means the water may or may not be in contact with electrodes, and maximum of contact with one electrode ( not both at same time). So its different method required to split  a droplet compared to bulk water.
From my research I'm tending to think that the water capacitance is only a very thin layer a few atoms thick right next to the electrode. Where the electrode is playing a specific role ( function) in that instance. With a free flying droplet between electrodes with a high electric field, it will be a bit like starting from the beginning again.
So I think its important to establish if the water is in bulk form or droplet form between the electrodes in the injector. If its in bulk form there is a good chance to get the injector to work ( in my view), if its in droplet form, its like starting all over again, it will be a very different method required to split the water.

In electros video above, he mentions that the injector gets extremely hot very quickly, it might be due to the invisible steam ( vapor), condensing in the high pressure zone, and releasing heat in the process)

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #303, on April 16th, 2016, 04:38 AM »
just searching for 0.01" ( 0.254mm) channels and water on google.
Found some interesting info, it seems that small channels and water are being tested for cooling
electronic components. It appears that water pumped through microchannels can boil due to the pressure drop, this further complicates stans injector using very small gap widths.
So it appears pumping water through very narrow channels is a method for removing heat efficiently from water.
this paper
http://www.rit.edu/kgcoe/mechanical/taleme/Papers/Journal%20Papers/J128.pdf
has some results for a 0.254mm gap ( channel), at a flow rate of 225ml/min giving approx 300watts of cooling per square cm. It might be relevant to electro1622 finding high heat transfer
in his injector.
This maybe of some relevance to stans injector, since there is probably a considerable amount of research in this area i.e. water being pumped through narrow channels. It seems having such a narrow channel is going to complicate understanding or predicting if stans injector will work.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #304, on April 18th, 2016, 05:12 AM »
here is an interesting article that looks at the influence of very small water droplets ( nanolitres) on the capacitance between charged metal plates. Its of interest if it is the case that stans injector lands up having water droplets in the voltage zone.

http://www.imtek.de/data/lehrstuehle/app/dokumente/conferences-pdf/conferences-2011/mutschler-capacitive-detection.pdf

If someone ever gets stans injector to work, and if water is in the form of droplets, it might be necessary to adjust the pulse frequency to match the capacitance of the voltage zone ( as with
the tube type wfc).
Since the droplets volume and velocity can be estimated by change in capacitance between the plates, it might be a method that can be used to monitor ( or estimate) the capacitance between the plates ( necessary in order to maintain optimal pulsing frequency for resonance of the coils/injector).


brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #305, on April 26th, 2016, 04:55 AM »Last edited on April 26th, 2016, 05:03 AM
an interestng video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TiBsNniC50

was posted 6  years ago, the website link doesn't work, might have been posted before.
Water is split via air plasma heated by microwaves, water added splits by thermolysis.
wonder what happened to them
Just a thought:
lets say you can direct microwaves into a combustion chamber, the chamber might be ideal for
microwaves, as they would not exit the chamber being all metal ( similar to microwave oven bounces the microwaves around internally). As the piston compresses the air
the microwaves will become more 'dense' ( occupy a smaller volume), if water could be injected
into the air plasma created, then it might be a method to split water within the cylinder.



brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #306, on April 26th, 2016, 05:22 AM »Last edited on April 26th, 2016, 05:26 AM
Just reading up on the patent of Todd William Wallin inventor of the apparatus above
patent link
http://www.google.com/patents/US20090071816
It seems he introduced a graphite rod into the chamber to create the plasma, that would be a problem for an ic engine ( maybe be possible though). freq he used was 2450 MHz
Another patent ( different inventor)
https://www.google.com.au/patents/US7384619
is similar, worth a look at as it includes some history of work in this area, and some good  links to other patents of similar nature.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #307, on April 26th, 2016, 06:11 AM »
just on the idea of rf frequency hho production in car engine using 2.45ghz air plasma:
it seems that its better to split the water at low pressures as explained in this paper
http://cpl.iphy.ac.cn/fileup/PDF/2013-6-065204.pdf
That would mean introducing water on downstroke and air plasma firing at minimum pressure
( bottom of stroke) to produce the hho more efficiently. But would the hho spontaneously recombine to water or could it be fired at top dead centre ( top of stroke: tdc), or would it recombine due to the compression during upstroke before tdc?
Just some musings.

Lynx

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #308, on April 26th, 2016, 08:12 AM »
Quote from brettly on April 26th, 2016, 04:55 AM
wonder what happened to them
Googling for Todd William Wallin shows an obituary dated 2009, also found this, quote "passed away suddenly on Sept. 16, 2009".
Near the end of the clip, at 1:36, he says that he believes that his invention could put an end to the World's fossile fuel dependency.
Chances are that it's in fact the very same Todd William Wallin as found in the obituary.
If so, then it doesn't take much imagination to figure out that he didn't die of natural causes.
Now, where have we seen this before?
Don't answer that.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #309, on April 27th, 2016, 02:34 AM »
I have no idea if its the same person on that obituary.
It does open up another area of experimentation for producing hho especially for fitting into a car engine. Also since microwave ovens appear to operate at the same frequency as Tod Wallins paten), it would be very possible to do some experiments at very low cost.
I'll research this area in more detail and post any relevant information.


brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #311, on April 27th, 2016, 03:23 AM »
seems it would not be too hard to do the experiment, these crazy guys have worked a simple way
to do microwave experiments, its extremely dangerous. Anyone got a youtube account want to contact these guys, see if they will put some graphite and spray with water in their microwave oven mod?

Lynx

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #312, on April 27th, 2016, 09:33 PM »
You're probably very right about the danger factor here, wouldn't want what the magnetron produces to find a way into our bodies or for that matter to slip out to our immediate surroundings, etc.



Lynx

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #315, on April 28th, 2016, 07:48 AM »
Interesting to see the plasma forming more easily in vacuum than in air.


brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #317, on May 8th, 2016, 10:29 PM »
Just some thoughts on microwave oven / air plasma / graphite and hho:

So it appears water can be split by air plasma induced by microwave oven frequency microwaves around graphite. The air plasma has high enough temperatures to decompose the water into its constituents. Whether or not this is useful information I have no idea but certainly an interesting topic.
some thoughts on how to do simple tests:
pencil lead is graphite, can be easily procured at stationary shops as refills for drawings pencil, also very inexpensive. Puting some of these thin cylinder graphite cylinders in a microwave oven should produce an air plasma around them.
Will water be split and remain split, or will it immediately recombine is a question to answer.
I dont think hard to experiment, for example, a thin glass tube ( say an eyedropper tube) could have some water put in it, then the graphite pencil leads also put in the tube. Once the water boils/evaporates the water vapour will rise, if the eyedropper glass ( or similar), has its cross section filled with pencil lead ( graphite), the vapour will have to traverse the small spaces between the cylinders, where the air plasma is.........it should split into hho.........my guess is it will immediately recombine to water and release quite a bit of energy.
So I'm guessing you will get some sort of visible reaction.
( I have not done this experiment as yet, but intend to shortly)
An eyedropper should be suitable as it will allow air to enter, but a small amount of water should stay inside the eyedropper ( small hole end down, eyedropper glass kept vertical).
Next thought:
lets say you have a longer narrow glass tube, you fill it with graphite leads, right across its cross section, but at intervals, so as the water vapour rises, it gets split/recombines, the rises to the next graphite leads and does the same over.
Will there be a way to split the hho and keep it split rather than recombine, I suspect there will be a way to do it, once the water is split at the graphite/air plasma region, the intense heat/energy of the plasma, should shoot off h and o away from the plasma, if it doesn't hit the plasma again it might remain split........how to achieve that I"ve not thought much about.
( it might also be possible to experiment with ultrasonic water mist traversing the air plasma).

If the above experiments work what use is it? maybe no use but some thoughts on using it in a combustion engine anyhow:

This method requires graphite to create the air plasma, graphite is soft and slippery. Not likely you can use graphite inside a combustion chamber. So that means it would need to be located outside the combustion chamber perhaps in the air intake area or injector ports.
Just a thought: could microwaves be used to turn water mist ( small droplets) into steam, it would certainly be possible to direct microwaves into the combustion chamber. It could be done via the sparkplug ports, it would require some material that microwaves can traverse, that could take high temperatures and block off the sparkplug hole ( borosilcate glass?, fibreglass?, epoxy resin?). The magnetron microwave exit point ( output antanna) of a standard microwave oven might be able to be put directly in the sparkplug port and expoxied in place.
The wavelength of 2.45ghz is 12cm wavelength, when the piston is at bottom of stroke, the microwaves should bounce around inside the cylinder but will sparking occur as does if you put metal inside a microwave oven or will the microwaves just bounce around inside the cylinder?
Like a waveguide?
At top dead centre there will be less space, the microwaves should become more densely packed as the piston comes up towards top dead centre. But at tdc will there be enough space for the microwaves which have 12cm wavelength........lets assume they do.
There will be a high concentration of microwaves......would this be enough to turn water mist into steam instantaneously. The microwave oven components should only need to be powered for a short duration perhaps near tdc. I doubt any hho would be produced but if steam is produced it may push the piston down?????? Just a thought.
And what about using the microwave/graphite/air plasma method:
Perhaps a water mist could be drawn through some sort of graphite structure pre combustion chamber, in such a way that the hho doesn't recombine immediately.
I will post some info on microwave oven experiments with graphite/water hopefully in next few days.




brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #318, on May 9th, 2016, 02:43 AM »Last edited on May 9th, 2016, 03:25 AM
there are a few videos on youtube of graphite in microwave oven, it certainly produces plasma,
some videos show a plasma ball rising above the graphite, such as in this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1DJP7ko6g4

If its possible to create a hot plasma ball that would persist inside a combustion chamber of an engine, that might be useful, I doubt though it would be able to be done on demand.
Interesting though.

or carbon fibre can be used

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJnHGbMxd4M

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #319, on May 9th, 2016, 02:56 AM »
just another thought:
high temperature plasma might produce gas reactions, gases in the air might react together, such as oxygen and nitrogen. Not sure if that poses a danger but worth keeping in mind.

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #320, on May 9th, 2016, 03:09 AM »
seems the plasma balls produced in microwave ovens might be due to graphite particles becoming ejected from the graphite source. Bad news for use in combustion engine, as the graphite will be consumed in the process.
see
http://jlnlabs.online.fr/plasma/gmr/

brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #321, on May 9th, 2016, 08:25 AM »
Heres a research paper  on splitting water with microwave oven components, though there is no graphite used. It appears the microwaves are used to directly produce water plasma, which has high enough temperature to split some of the water molecules.
http://cpl.iphy.ac.cn/fileup/PDF/2013-6-065204.pdf
Its quite detailed paper, it gives some efficiency figures, though I'm not sure if they relate to amount of power used to convert the water, or if its giving percentage of the water converted to hydrogen.


brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #323, on May 9th, 2016, 09:42 AM »Last edited on May 9th, 2016, 09:51 AM
here is a research paper, relevant to stans injector method.
http://www.iesj.org/html/service/ijpest/vol6_no2_2012/PDF/IJPEST_Vol6_No2_08_pp125-129.pdf

it looks at high voltage discharges at nanosecond intervals on water vapor between electrodes (2.5mm gap). very detailed results given though efficiency using discharge method looks to be low
They analyse the spectrum produced and find o, h and oh. They used up to 30kv and from 0-30khz.


brettly

Re: research information sharing
« Reply #324, on May 9th, 2016, 11:45 PM »
interesting video of microwave oven modification for lower power, shows water plasma being produced in this video ( I think only 12watts but not sure on that)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=3DofLTIDszI

some info how he did the current limiting to reduce power of the microwave oven components
http://danyk.cz/magn3_en.html

I believe its the voltage sent to the magnetron determines the frequency of the microwaves, he limits current not voltage so the magnetron is still running at 2.45ghz which he tests on page above.

I wonder if there is a simpler method to reduce current, or limit maximum current? That might make any microwave experiments much safer if power can be limited to minimum required.