This is my own invention. it is a working model with proof of concept.
I was lucky i have Mit lecture to back up my claims.

the cost to build this less then 50 buck.
Little investigation has come from the forum, so i must give you a chance to
 disprove my claims, or confirm them as described. hope you can afford the 15 dollars for the neg ion Gen, by sea wise. 7.5 kv part from electronic gold mine.

the claim, this can electrify a conductor, and allows me to scoop off the charge to do work.

the devise works all day long, accumulation of specific figures are yet to be added.

the concept take energy from an overcharged air, to a undercharged conductor.

this works on the basis of equal potential in space, and is given experiments in the lifter thread.

 you can find the movies  made over a year ago. follow the link to the energy motion.

it is self organizing, self discharging, and self charging, no other work needs to be done after it is set up. except use the energy for work,  you can

messure the output, and if not satisfied  your money back.:P

http://open-source-energy.org/?tid=107&page=2

if you need more info, see these  link s. This devise was inspired by Tesla, and he had confirmed results, as a cool inflow of electrical energy to his device. that device sits on a shelf, and is owned by sharper image as the ion generator they sell. It is A Tesla work, and is related to lifters, and radiant energy device. It is his creation,  well hidden from the public eye, and masked as  a simple air purifier.  I did the work, i study hard. the secret i give to you. It it 100% true. pours out energy all day long. do not destroy the dipole obtained for work. do not ground fully or you kill the vacume. a gap is needed in most cases.

/watch?v=4ghy-5vozLw

/watch?v=dbu59vb6Wn4&feature=c4-overview&list=UUDqettIAukxMxdTeeurxpEQ

very easy to do.what are you waiting for? free energy vacume, by freethisone. Inspired by Tesla himself, and doctor Townsen Brown.


http://tesla3.com/free_websites/zpe_bearden_FS.html  from link.
The Coal-Fired Locomotive

Rigorous Analogy of a Coal-Fired Locomotive. Now here's an exact analogy, to assist in understanding. Imagine a coal-fired train, and a fireman shoveling coal. He has an external load/scatterer of energy (the fire in the firebox under the boiler). He has a primary source of potential/energy (the coal car). No fireman in his right mind would ignite the coal in the chute of the coal bin, to try and get some heat energy into the firebox! [That is, he would not attempt to extract power from the source. Yet that's exactly what all we engineers are trained to do at present.] Instead, the fireman takes out (collects) a finite amount (a shovelful) of coal (trapped energy). Coal per se (the potential gradient) has a certain energy density per unit volume (trapped joules per unit volume of coal) and the shovel (collector) has a certain volume.

Accordingly, the shovelful of coal contains a certain amount of trapped joules of energy. In the fireman's shovel (the collector), the energy remains in totally trapped form, as coal not afire and without its trapped energy being dissipated as work. [He doesn't act like a fool and ignite the coal in the shovel either!] He then throws that shovel of coal (collected trapped energy) onto the fire (scatterer), completely separately from the coal bin/source. He continues to repeat his shoveling cycle, and each shovelful of coal added to the fire dissipates additional energy, powering the load.


The Free Energy Principle

All potential gradient (trapped excess energy density) is free for the taking.23 The potential is due to the violent VPF exchange between the vacuum and the separated bipolar charges furnishing the source potential gradient. The energy of the entire universe is flowing through that source potential. You can have as much of this internal VPF flux energy (potential) as you wish, as often as you wish, so long as you don't demand current (which is power, or the rate at which the energy is being freed and dissipated). It's really simple. You can have all the trapped energy you wish, from any source. You cannot connect to the source and start to dissipate the energy as power, however, without starting to close the "gate" from which your free trapped energy is coming.

In other words, here's the iron rule: If you draw current, you kill the bipolarity gate furnishing the potential gradient (source of energy density). In that case, you kill the source. If you do not draw current, you do not kill the bipolarity gate and you do not shut down the source. In that case, you can continue to "use" it and extract trapped EM energy from it forever.

/watch?v=w60SIHwOztk

This is what you get when you have a larger surface area. a higher density charge.
it is in self oscillation. if i now touch the foil i will get a bigger shock. adding more steam behind my engine.
:heart::cool:

i say i have done what Mr Bearden has told us to do, and proved it.

/watch?v=tE6VOYZN6jA
you may test for truth.:angel:

were did all the people go?


the final secret of discovery on this day 12-9-2013.


you now have a secret that Tesla has held for a long, long time.

would you like to understand?
I have always wondered why a charge is always on the outside of a sphere.


after over 10 years of research, and confirmation of what may appear as the reason we have not had greatness in our land. The simple  doing of a vacum cleaner.
:cool::D

And its bias. . its influence.

adding extra research to the mix, are you still not building this devise? well as i said before if i increase the size of my plate i will have a greater pressure for cap charging. here is some info i found that could also support this claim. note the cup of water rather then the coal car, its the same thing.


Hal Puthoff answers: Naive layperson's questions are the best! If access
to the zero-point-energy (ZPE) reservoir is successful, one needn't worry about
either depletion of this resource or creating an imbalance in the local
environment. It is the electromagnetic equivalent of scooping cupfuls of water
out of the ocean, with replacement occurring at the velocity of propagation of
electromagnetic waves, the velocity of light. As to the ultimate origin of the
ZPE, two views are discussed in the physics literature: one, that it is simply
part and parcel of the energetic legacy that emerged with the Big Bang, and
another that it is an energetic substratum the preceded even the Big Bang, with
our universe emerging as the result of a giant vacuum fluctuation. In any case
an argument can be made that it is sustained by a cosmological feedback
cycle in which charged particles radiate due to their "quantum jiggle," and the
particles "jiggle" due to being caught up in the collective radiation of all the
other particles, an electromagnetic equivalent of placing a microphone near a
speaker and generating a squeal (see H. E. Puthoff, "On the Source of
Vacuum Electromagnetic Zero-Point Energy," Phys. Rev. A, vol. 40, p.
4857,1989; Phys. Rev. A vol. 44, p. 3382,1991).
Gdecker asks:

is there even one  who is interested in testing my simple setup?

i watched part of one video posted at the start of this thread, what was the point of posting it?
it was about inductance and 50min long, what was the relevance of that video?

Quote from brettly on February 12th, 2014, 10:30 PM

i watched part of one video posted at the start of this thread, what was the point of posting it?
it was about inductance and 50min long, what was the relevance of that video?

that lecture is brilliant, and has everthing to do with understanding how it works in part.  fast forward to 25 min and three seconds we talk about joules per square meter. the electric field density is messured in the same way. i have to do work to do this. a self inductor with a resistance of zero.

this movie shows the way to use energy and store it taken from the electric field. and the scooping of charge off the conductor. as it remains or slightly out of equalibrium. this fight will poor out energy all day long.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbu59vb6Wn4&feature=c4-overview&list=UUDqettIAukxMxdTeeurxpEQ

this one shows the way we use surface area to do work. the more the better in this case. its always fighting each other. and by use of a gap we add energy in the form of ions. these ions become more abundant in 03 rich enviroments were the air become conductive.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w60SIHwOztk

you can charge as many as you want depending on the pressure charge density of the conductor as it remains slightly out of equalibrium due to flow and inflow energy...

by placing the charge from the red wire of the ion gen to a conductive area. we can increase the area, and also will be able to store more energy at a faster rate. this is in part a inflow of positive energy from the strata..

this movie describes the way to act on the conductor plate.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tE6VOYZN6jA
the lag time in the recharge of the large cap when the magnetic field, and the condutor fight each other to do work.
by making the area of the conductor much greater, charge time can be reduced. and alow you to add as many caps or a very large one to store energy for work in a charging system, or as a occilator.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQvmJjiM124 this great lecture describes the other part of the workings. and at 6 min 26 seconds shows how to take energy off the conductor at small radius curves. it gives a demo like i have done, and is the second part to understanding its theory.  gives formula, the whole lecture apply :shy: :shy:

http://open-source-energy.org/?topic=107.25 link to setup.
please do you have any questions? :huh: :D

last but not least http://www.archive.org/stream/electricalresear00caveuoft#page/48/mode/2up the experiments i had followed to get here.

thanks for clarifying

http:///watch?v=4zc0ICPoqlM

think about it! tapping in on space...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvCpBM3GoSc#


the case made is in the electric field, or ion medium, charge density may be increased. this tells us there is a magnetic charge, and it can be channeled.water, mercury.

ozone, or positive ions can be part of an electric field, you only need to know how to act on it. like tesla did, and anyone can do if you think in terms of charged surfaces.

tesla

this is how MR T does it.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwVOp-HPIVE#ws

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bp2dpP6GYLs#ws


so here another tid bit. this looks very promising.

the forum community should be able to prove or disprove these claims.

my test set up suggestion for anyone willing to advance,

test setup. 1; a variable capacitor. 2; a charged surface. a ground wire.

guide line . test small surfaces by charging of a cap. use the lowest setting.  now increase the size of the reflector,   test the time of charge vs charging.voltages or density.  i claim as the surface area increases so do the charging times, and capacity of the variable capcitor

charge divided by radius.

sigma divided by surface area..  at 3 min  Walter lewin tells us we have a 5 times higher surface charge density. 5 times higher.  therfore i can use the earth as a source of equa potential. Ions are a dipole source with spin, and pressure. positive charge , variable Cap. charge times reduce as voltages go up on larger and larger euqa potential surfaces. without adding more current. In fact if we had done this with a very very high negative potential, infact we would have a air conditioner with energy being drawn from vast distances.

gain in electron volts. delta v delta x. cause of additional ions.

this is a disclaimer. if you should experiment with larger and larger reflectors be aware if you ground that out a strong current will pass. like this. so dont touch or ground it if using  over 5 square feet of foil. use of over 250 ft of foil may knock you on your asrse if you are to touch it. as a result of the back emf..

warning

testing should be done. out doors with a good earth ground. or with elevated balloon type  reflectors.

its true that the charge on B is 5 times higher then A charge is used for caps charging,. but surface charge density is one fifth of A

. we scoop off charge from A witch now has a 5 times higher charge density.then B. do you understand? additional charge comes in free. i said this before.ozone, ions, electric breakdown. electric breakdown results in a gain in electron volts. :cool:

So,   yes a higher charge on B. but the larger u go the more charge you can scoop off.B by the use of a gap and our cap through A, and in connection with A do you understand this?  A is a sharp point. O:-) or my small cap. or my wire to ground.

I then must assume there really is more charge on B, and additional energy comes in. now i say if i touch B i will get a bigger shock then if B was very small.  all the charge on B can now be forced to go through your finger. so if u get a bigger shock,  and be is very large 250 square feet. all the charge will reach a higher velocity as it discharges through the ground. :D this is the back emf as the magnetic field falls down the charge on B reaches a higher velocity through the ground. hmm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQvmJjiM124# the whole lecture applygo to 2 min for theory.

it is a vacume cleaner, that acts on positive energy. ions dipole. 03.  i can increase the output of the device Matt by adding Ozone near the reflector. i prove thisis the case. ozone can increase the positive potential of my accumulator.. O:-)


Lets talk about this devise more in the member project forum.http://open-source-energy.org/?topic=1566.0 link

Re: What is Magnetism?
« Reply #38 3 days ago »
HEy, Will you Test it? Are we all afraid of free energy??  here is a tid bit, i can make a ozone, or simply a ionizing radiation detector with this principle.

if a spark is increased then it is a detection devise of ionizing radiation. so for 50 buck or less i sell you a detector. when the spark is increased all on its own, then you know to put on your gas mask. :D

ionizing radiation is a potential electrical power source easy as that. so yes there is an abundance of free charges all around us.

the ionizing detector if you want too make it, only needs a heavy brass rod. no ground wire is needed in this case.

you set the gap, and wait for ionizing radiation to enter the electric field.. :D :D.


saves lives. its time to run out of Babylon or we will be counted of her sins, and destroyed. :(

inside the fire alarm, well so what? mabey u can make a battery? but most importantly ionizing radiation is understood even more. it is dangerous and china syndrome is setting in.

History of Smoke Alarms
The first U.S. patent for a fire alarm came in 1890; two men invented a system to sound an alarm when the temperature in a building reached a certain level. From there, the fire alarm developed in various ways. In 1930, a Swiss physicist named Walter Jaeger invented a sensor that could detect smoke particles; later inventions and developments led to the introduction of the household smoke alarm in the 1960s. Although they were relatively slow to catch on, smoke alarms are now found in almost every home in America.

History of Americium-241
Americium-241 (Am-241), the material found in smoke alarms, was first discovered in World War II. A man-made compound of radioactive metal, it was initially part of the Manhattan project, the project that eventually produced atomic weapons. Am-241 decays very slowly; its half-life is about 432 years, so it is still emitting the same amount of radiation after 10 years of use as it did at the beginning of its use.

Types of Alarms
There are two types of smoke alarms: ionization and photoelectric smoke alarms. Photoelectric alarms shine a light into the sensor chamber; whenever smoke disrupts the flow of light, it causes light to shine on the sensor and sounds the alarm. These work well for detecting smoldering fires. Ionization alarms, however, have a small bit of radiation situated between two metal discs. The radiation ionizes the air, and when smoke passes through that area, it disrupts the ionization, causing the alarm to sound.

Amount of Radioactivity
In every ionization smoke alarm, there is a minuscule amount of radioactivity. The whole source in the detector chamber is very small; it weighs only about .5 gram. However, the actual radioactive material amounts to just a millionth of a curie. In other words, one gram of Am-241 radioactive material is enough to supply 3 million household smoke alarms.

Risk
There is little to no danger from household smoke alarms. The radiation level does not present a health hazard; even if someone swallowed the material, it would be too minuscule to do any damage. If you do not tamper with the smoke detector by disassembling it, there is no cause for concern. Background radiation levels present in the world emit higher volumes of radioactive material.



Read more : http://www.ehow.com/about_5548202_use-radioactivity-smoke-alarms.html
http://www.ehow.com/about_5548202_use-radioactivity-smoke-alarms.html

with that said

Types of Alarms
. Ionization alarms, however, have a small bit of radiation situated between two metal discs. The radiation ionizes the air, and when smoke passes through that area, it disrupts the ionization, causing the alarm to sound.

On the other hand my ionizing radiation detector simply works on the principle of as the air becomes ionized, the alarm will sound with a increase of energy.

are you secretly working on the very stuff i brought to you? are you thinking wow i mAde a discovery, well your wrong..


ROOTShttp://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/vdg1.htm
The word "electron" in English comes from the Greek word for amber!
Static Electricity
To understand the Van de Graaff generator and how it works, you need to understand static electricity. Almost all of us are familiar with static electricity because we can see and feel it in the winter. On dry winter days, static electricity can build up in our bodies and cause a spark to jump from our bodies to pieces of metal or other people's bodies. We can see, feel and hear the sound of the spark when it jumps.
In science class you may have also done some experiments with static electricity. For example, if you rub a glass rod with a silk cloth or if you rub a piece of amber with wool, the glass and amber will develop a static charge that can attract small bits of paper or plastic.
To understand what is happening when your body or a glass rod develops a static charge, you need to think about the atoms that make up everything we can see. All matter is made up of atoms, which are themselves made up of charged particles. Atoms have a nucleus consisting of neutrons and protons. They also have a surrounding "shell" that is made up electrons. Typically, matter is neutrally charged, meaning that the number of electrons and protons are the same. If an atom has more electrons than protons, it is negatively charged. If it has more protons than electrons, it is positively charged.
Some atoms hold on to their electrons more tightly than others do. How strongly matter holds on to its electrons determines its place in the triboelectric series. If a material is more apt to give up electrons when in contact with another material, it is more positive in the triboelectric series. If a material is more apt to "capture" electrons when in contact with another material, it is more negative in the triboelectric series.
The following list describes the triboelectric series for many materials you find around the house. Positive items in the series are at the top, and negative items are at the bottom:
Human hands (usually too moist, though) Very positive
Rabbit fur
Glass
Human hair
Nylon
Wool
Fur
Lead
Silk
Aluminum
Paper
Cotton
Steel Neutral
Wood
Amber
Hard rubber
Nickel, Copper
Brass, Silver
Gold, Platinum
Polyester
Styrene (Styrofoam)
Saran Wrap
Polyurethane
Polyethylene (like Scotch Tape)
Polypropylene
Vinyl (PVC)
Silicon
Teflon Very negative
(The above list is adapted from the book Nature's Electricity by Charles K. Adams.)
The relative position of two substances in the triboelectric series tells you how they will act when brought into contact. Glass rubbed by silk causes a charge separation because they are several positions apart in the table. The same applies for amber and wool. The farther the separation in the table, the greater the effect.
When two non-conducting materials come into contact with each other, a chemical bond, known as adhesion, is formed between the two materials. Depending on the triboelectric properties of the materials, one material may "capture" some of the electrons from the other material. If the two materials are now separated from each other, a charge imbalance will occur. The material that captured the electron is now negatively charged and the material that lost an electron is now positively charged. This charge imbalance is where "static electricity" comes from. The term "static" in this case is deceptive, because it implies "no motion," when in reality it is very common and necessary for charge imbalances to flow. The spark you feel when you touch a door knob is an example of such flow.
In the next section we'll look at the many factors that affect the size of a static electricity shock.


omg free energy and the forum is like umm nooo, i dont belive anything at all. but u know what lol there it is. dont give me this crap that u some how care. i doubt u have a single clue what humanity is all about.. :P

how far did i advance it?  how far have you? these consents O:-) enable us to for see the results.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hf5DOpWtRfg# to the point of Ice age model for confirmation of the axiom.

patent number shows

US4093880 very interesting factors. the square and compass.

the design here to add a pressure to the apprentice for increased magnetic pressure.
we see this as a lead to follow, to study and to ponder..

Electric Field of the Earth
the natural electric field of the earth as a planet, observed in the solid body of the earth, in the oceans, and in the atmosphere and magnetosphere. It is caused by a complex aggregate of geophysical phenomena. The potential distribution of the field provides some information about the structure of the earth and the processes that occur in the lower layers of the atmosphere, in the ionosphere, and in the magnetosphere, as well as in the near-earth space and in the sun.

The methods for measuring the earth’s electric field depend on the medium in which it is being observed. The most universal method involves finding the potential difference between electrodes arrayed in space, and it is used to record the earth’s currents (seeTELLURIC CURRENT), to measure the electric field of the atmosphere from aircraft, and to determine the electric fields in the magnetosphere and in space from spacecraft (in this case, the distance between electrodes should exceed the Debye shielding distance in the space plasma, that is, it should be hundreds of meters).

The existence of an electric field in the atmosphere is associated mainly with the ionization processes in the air and with the spatial separation of the positive and negative electric charges arising in the course of ionization. The air is ionized by the action of cosmic rays, by ultraviolet radiation from the sun, by radiation from radioactive substances found on the earth’s surface and in the air, and by electric discharges in the atmosphere. Many atmospheric processes, such as convection, the formation of clouds, and precipitation, lead to the partial separation of unlike electric charges and the formation of atmospheric electric fields (seeATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY). The earth’s surface is charged negatively with respect to the atmosphere.

The presence of an electric field in the atmosphere generates currents that discharge the electric “capacitor” formed by the atmosphere and earth. A significant part in the exchange of charges between the earth’s surface and the atmosphere is played by precipitation. On the average, precipitation brings 1.1 to 1.4 times more positive charges than negative charges. Other factors that contribute to the dissipation of charges from the atmosphere are the charges associated with lightning and the leakage of charges from sharply pointed objects (points). The balance of the electric charges brought to the earth’s surface per sq km per year can be characterized by the data in Table 1.

Table 1. Examples of electric charges reaching the earth’s surface
Conduction current ...............   + 60 coulombs/(km2 · year)
Precipitation currents ...............   + 20 coulombs/(km2 · year)
Lightning discharges ...............   – 20 coulombs/(km2 · year)
Currents from points ...............   – 100 coulombs/(km2 · year)
Total ...............   – 40 coulombs/(km2 · year)
Over a large part of the earth’s surface, namely, the oceans, there are no points, and the balance here will be positive. The existence of a static negative charge on the earth’s surface (about 5.7 × 105 coulombs) indicates that these currents, on the average, are balanced.

The electric field in the ionosphere is caused by processes that occur both in the upper layers of the atmosphere and in the magnetosphere. The tidal movements of the air, the winds, and turbulence all generate an electric field in the ionosphere owing to the effect of the hydromagnetic dynamo (seeTERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM). An example of this is the solar-diurnal electric system of currents, which produces a diurnal variation in the magnetic field at the earth’s surface. The value of the electric field intensity in the ionosphere is a function of the location of the point of observation, the time of day, the overall state of the magnetosphere and ionosphere, and the solar activity. It varies from several units to tens of millivolts/m (mV/m) and reaches a hundred or more mV/m in the high-latitude ionosphere. In this case, the current reaches hundreds of thousands of amperes. Owing to the high electrical conductivity of the ionospheric and magnetospheric plasma along the lines of force of the earth’s magnetic field, the electric fields of the ionosphere drift into the magnetosphere and the magnetospheric fields drift into the ionosphere.

One of the direct sources of the electric field in the magnetosphere is the solar wind. When the solar wind flows around the magnetosphere, an emf E = v × b⊥ is produced, where b⊥ is the normal component of the magnetic field at the surface of the magnetosphere and v is the average velocity of the particles of the solar wind. This emf gives rise to electric currents that are completed by the reverse currents flowing across the tail of the magnetosphere (seeEARTH). The latter are generated by positive space charges on the morning side of the magnetosphere’s tail and negative charges on the evening side. The electric field intensity across the tail reaches a value of 1 mV/m. The potential difference across the polar cap is 20 to 100 kilovolts.

Another mechanism for the production of an emf in the magnetosphere involves the collapse of oppositely directed lines of force of the magnetic field in the tail portion of the magnetosphere; the energy thus liberated causes the magnetospheric plasma to be shifted violently toward the earth. In this case, the electrons drift around the earth toward the morning side, while the protons drift toward the evening side. The potential difference between the centers of the equivalent space charges reaches tens of kilovolts. This field is opposite in direction to the field of the tail portion of the magnetosphere.

The presence of a ring of magnetospheric current around the earth is directly associated with the drift of particles. When there are magnetic storms and auroras, the electric fields and currents in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere undergo marked changes (seeMAGNETIC STORMS and AURORA).

In addition to the quasistatic electric fields already mentioned, there exist in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere changing electric fields that involve a different kind of plasma fluctuation (seeMAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS).

Magnetohydrodynamic waves, generated in the magnetosphere, propagate in natural wave-guide channels along the lines of force of the earth’s magnetic field. Upon entering the ionosphere, they are converted into electromagnetic waves, some of which reach the earth’s surface and some of which propagate in the ionospheric wave guide and are attenuated. At the earth’s surface, these waves are registered according to the frequency of fluctuations as either magnetic pulsations (10–2 to 10 hertz) or very low-frequency waves (oscillations at frequencies of 102 to 104Hz).

The earth’s changing magnetic field, whose sources are localized in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, induces an electric field in the earth’s crust. The intensity of the electric field in the surface layers of the crust varies with the locality and the electrical resistance of the rocks from several mV/km to several hundred mV/km, while during magnetic storms it increases to several V/km and even tens of V/km. The interrelated changing magnetic and electric fields of the earth are used for electromagnetic sounding in geophysical prospecting, as well as for depth sounding of the earth.

The contact potential difference between rocks having different electrical conductivities (the thermoelectric, electrochemical, and piezoelectric effects) makes a specific contribution to the earth’s electric field. Volcanic and seismic processes play a special part in this.

Electric fields are induced in the oceans by the earth’s changing magnetic field; they also occur during the movement of the conducting seawater (ocean waves and currents) in the magnetic field. The densities of electric currents in oceans reach 10–6ampere/m2. These currents can be used as natural sources of a changing magnetic field for magnetic-variation sounding on the shelf and in the ocean.

The problem of the electric charge of the earth as the source of the electric field in interplanetary space has not yet been fully resolved. It is assumed that the earth as a planet is electrically neutral. However, this hypothesis requires experimental confirmation. The first measurements have indicated that the intensity of the electric field in near-earth space varies from tenths of a mV/m to several tens of mV/m.

REFERENCES
Tikhonov, A. N. “Ob opredelenii elektricheskikh kharakteristik glubokikh sloev zemnoi kory.” Dokl. AN SSSR, 1950, vol. 73, no. 2.
Tverskoi, P. N. Kurs meteorologii. Leningrad, 1962.
Akasofu, S. I., and S. Chapman. Solnechno-zemnaia fizika, part 2. Moscow, 1975. (Translated from English.)
IU. P. SIZOV

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.





Oct 12, 2005
The Electric Earth

The Earth is an electrified body, moving in a plasma. We who stand on its surface are seldom aware of its electrical properties. That's because we live in balance with the Earth's electric field. Similarly, a bird on an electric wire has no idea that high-energy currents of electricity are flowing beneath her feet. But she might notice the hums and crackles that are side effects of that current.

Like the high-tension wire, our Earth produces hums and crackles as it responds to surges of power in the electric currents of space. Perhaps the most obvious sparks are the auroras, as seen in the above picture taken from the International Space Station in April 2003.

The complex patterns of electric currents and magnetic fields surrounding the Earth are how the Earth's electric charge adjusts to the Sun's electric field. These electrical phenomena were a complete surprise, discovered by satellites launched by astronomers who expected to find the Earth isolated from the rest of the universe by featureless vacuum. Instead, they found the near-Earth environs alive with energetic activity.

Other electrical sparks that the Earth produces go unnoticed because we have lived with them so long that we think we know what causes them. Many meteorological phenomena are electrically driven. We've always thought of lightning as electrical, and now we're beginning to realize that we can think of tornadoes and hurricanes as electrical phenomena, too. But less spectacular weather conditions like dust devils and waterspouts are also electrically driven, as are larger weather patterns, the jet streams and El Niño.

Earthquakes can be induced by pumping electricity into the Earth, and natural quakes are often accompanied by or preceded by electrical glows called earthquake lights and radio frequency static. Volcanoes are often accompanied by copious amounts of lightning. No one died from the lava flows or cinder bombs during the decade- long eruptions of Paricutin in Mexico, but three people were killed by its lightning.

All of the Earth sciences could profit from asking the question: How do the discoveries of Earth's unexpected electrical environment affect our discipline? How many concepts have been overlooked because until a few decades ago no one suspected that Earth is an electrified body moving through a plasma?

 

  EXECUTIVE EDITORS: David Talbott, Wallace Thornhill
MANAGING EDITOR: Amy Acheson
  CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Mel Acheson, Michael Armstrong, Dwardu Cardona,
Ev Cochrane,   Walter Radtke, C.J. Ransom, Don Scott, Rens van der Sluijs, Ian Tresman
  WEBMASTER: Michael Armstrong

Copyright 2004: thunderbolts.info



They might also want to know how this electric field could influence the orbit of stars unless the stars themselves are negatively charged. For that, theorists will need to come up with a convincing charging mechanism.

Reucroft hints at other effects too. He points out that this model treats galaxies as electric dipoles. That implies that clusters of galaxies might exhibit attractive dipole–dipole interactions, like the alignments that occur between polar molecules, such as hydrogen chloride.
 
Something for astrophysicists to think about in their wilder dreams.https://medium.com/the-physics-arxiv-blog/galactic-scale-electric-fields-could-solve-the-dark-matter-mystery-says-physicist-117a6488ba0e


Electric Fields

BACK

   The space around some things like magnets, black holes, and electric charges is altered. This space contains a force field. The force field that surrounds a mass is a gravitational field and that around an electric charge is an electric field.

   Electric fields are vector quantities because they contain both magnitude and direction. The direction of the electric field is the direction of the electrical force on a small positive charge. If the charge that sets up a field is positive, the field points away from the charge. With a negative charge, the field points towards the charge.

   Field lines (lines of force) are used to describe an electric field. When lines are drawn father apart, the field is weaker. The lines emanate from a positive charge and terminate on a negative charge.

   We remember Coulomb's Law from the previous lesson which stated that the force (F) between two charges (Q1 and Q2) is:

F = kQ1Q2/d2

where k = 9.0 x 109 Nm2/C2. The charge of one electron is 1.6 x 10-19 C. The electric field (E) due to a point charge is described by the formula

E = kq/d2

The units of electric field are either Newtons/Coulomb or volts/meter. The relationship between electric force and electric field is

E = F/q

Shielding

   If the charge on a conductor is not moving, the electric field within a conductor is exactly zero. The absence of electric field within a conductor holding static charge arises because free electrons within the conductor can stop moving when the electric field is zero so, the charges arrange themselves to ensure a zero field with the material.

   If the conductor is not spherical, the charge distribution will not be uniform. In a cube, the charge is located near the corners. If there were an electric field inside a conductor, the free electrons inside the conductor would be set in motion. They would move until equilibrium was established, which is when the positions of all the electrons produce a zero field inside the conductor.

   Certain electronic components are encased in metal coverings and some cables have a metal covering to shield them from all outside electrical activity. The free charges in the conducting surface will arrange themselves on the surface of the conductor in a way such that all field contributions inside cancel one another.

Potential Energy

   A charged object can have potential energy due to its location in an electric field. Work is required to push a charged particle against the electric field of a charged body. This work is equal to the energy gained by the charge. This energy is referred to as electrical potential energy and can be transformed into kinetic energy.

Potential

   The electrical potential energy per charge is the total electrical potential energy divided by the amount of charge. Electric potential (V) is the electrical potential energy (J) per charge (C)

1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb

1V = 1J/C

   Since electric potential is measured in volts, it is commonly called voltage. A high voltage only requires a great amount of energy if a large amount of charge is involved.

Storage

   Electrical energy can be stored in a capacitor. The energy stored in a capacitor comes from the work required to charge it. The energy is in the form of the electric field between its plates. Between parallel plates, the electric field is uniform so, the energy stored in a capacitor is energy stored in the electric field.

   The definition of capacitance is

C = q/V

Farads = Coulombs/Volts

   The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor (with the plates separated by air) is

C = E0A/d

The value of E0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2/Nm2 . A capacitor with a dielectric is

C = KE0A/d

where K is the dielectric constant.

   The equivalent capacitance of capacitors in parallel is

Ceq = C1 + C2 + C3 .....

The voltage on capacitors in parallel is the same, but the charge on each capacitor is different. This is true if the capacitors are attached to a single voltage source.

   The equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series is

1/Ceq = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 ......

For capacitors in series (attached to a single voltage source), the charge is the same, but not the voltage.

   The energy stored in a capacitor is

(1/2)CV2

Review Questions:

    Work done on the charge by an outside force against the electric field is negative. Work done by the electric field on the charge would be positive.

   If a problem asks, "What is the potential?" then it is asking for an answer in Volts. If the question is, "What is the potential energy?" then the answer is in Joules.

1. A force of 0.43 N acts on a positive charge of 2.4 x 10-6 C at a certain distance. What is the electric field intensity at that distance?



2. What charge does a test charge have when a force of 3.60 x 10-6 N acts on it at a point where the electric field intensity is 1.60 x 10-5 N/C?



3. The electric field intensity between two charged plates is 2.80 x 104 N/C. The plates are 0.0640 m apart. What is the potential difference between the plates in volts?



4. A voltmeter connected between two plates registers 38.2 V. The plates are separated by a distance of 0.046 m. What is the field intensity between the plates?



5. How much work is done to transfer 0.47 C of charge through a potential difference of 12 V?



6. A 9.0 V battery does 1.0 x 103 J of work transferring charge. How much charge is transferred?



7. A proton is placed in an electric field of 0.01 N/C (a) What is the force on the proton and (b) what is the magnitude of the proton's acceleration?



8. A charge of +200 uC is pushed a distance of 1.5 meters against an electric field of 13 N/C. (a) How much work is done on the charge? (b) What is the change in electric potential energy of the charge? (c) What is the change in voltage that the charge is pushed through?



9. A parallel plate capacitor has an area for the plates of 10 cm2. The plates are separated by 4mm. If nylon (k = 3.4) is used as a dielectric in the capacitor, (a) calculate the capacitance. (b) If the dielectric strength (electric breakdown) of nylon is 14 x 106 V/m, how much charge can be placed on the capacitor?



10. A 6.0 uF capacitor and an 8.0 uF capacitor are connected in series. A potential of 200 V is placed across them. Find the charge and potential on each.



HONORS:

11. A charge of Q1 = -6 uC is located 2.0 cm above a charge of Q2 = +3 uC on the y-axis. (a) What is the potential half way between the charges at the point y = 1 cm? (b) At what two points along the y-axis is potential equal to 0?



12. Calculate the electric field at the point P (x = 3, y = 3) due to two charges Q1 = 4.0 x 10-6 C at the origin, and Q2 = -3.0 x 10-6 C at x = 3.0 m.



 http://www.hopperinstitute.com/phys_fields.html

Over unity. That was the claim. why has not one of you called me out on this?

it works on the basis of charged equal potentials. that means its mass is the deciding factor.. because you have not learned that radiant energy is in fact free ions, and ions are the same as electrons. they can be used for work.

Tesla already demonstrated by cooling a  large room on the same principles energy was flowing in. enough to create a lift in the device.

why use an electrostatic precipitater as a free energy devise? it attracts the required charges. It has equal potential surfaces in comparison to earths mass.

it reflects the surrounding charges that are around them. a comet for instance Gaines in charge in the form of heat.or charge as it nears the sun. also light.

my question is, i wonder how i can prove this?

i say because energy comes in, that its a free energy devise. much like wind on the blades of a windmill.

As i had said before the ionizing radiation detector i created on the principles i have learned proved beyond a doubt energy can be increased in the presents of rare air, or in this case ozone, ionizing radiations. Electrical break down is the definition of free energy itself. you gain electrons as a spark begins to break down and crosses a gap.

Interesting, it has often been a thought of mine that we look at energy in the wrong way. For example, if I stand in a field of corn and drop a match and burn 300 acres of corn to the ground, the heat and light disipated is in far excess of what energy it took to strike the match.
If we look at ions and Electron reactions as a similar event as striking a match in an Electron field and causing a secondary reaction across the entire field then it appears different.
The corn field though took energy to grow but that growth is not related to striking the match.

in this case ions are the corn, and are a source of energy,

its a magnetic vacuum cleaner, exactly what it looks like, the ion breeze.